Propaganda

World map with Nigeria and Bolivia highlighted in orange.

Identity Propaganda and Elections in Bolivia and N...

Group identity has the potential to be a strong political motivator. Political elites have long recognized this potentially powerful and evolving correlation. So too have propagandists. Oftentimes, they are one and the same. Read More
Identity Propaganda and Elections in Bolivia and Nigeria
Person with megaphone surrounded by speech bubbles, paper airplane, globe, and envelope, symbolizing communication.

Anti-Disinformation Laws: Democratic Backsliding &...

A look at how ‘anti-disinformation’ laws exist within continuums of democratic backsliding that produce chilling effects. Read More
Anti-Disinformation Laws: Democratic Backsliding & Chilling Effects in Tunisia & Turkey
Ballot box with

Generative Artificial Intelligence and Elections

The Center for Media Engagement investigates GenAI’s role before, during, and after several key global elections in 2024. Read More
Generative Artificial Intelligence and Elections
Robot interacting with documents, email, charts, and globe icons, symbolizing digital connectivity and data management.

Political Machines: Understanding the Role of AI i...

To better understand major trends and common concerns about the role of Generative AI in politics, the Center for Media Engagement conducted interviews with experts in the digital politics space. Read More
Political Machines: Understanding the Role of AI in the U.S. 2024 Elections and Beyond
Speech bubbles with user icons over a map of the Philippines.

Values, Politics, and Misinformation: Examining Co...

This study aims to unpack the values that impact the Filipino diaspora’s political viewpoints and understand how political preferences are technologically communicated using these values. Read More
Values, Politics, and Misinformation: Examining Communication within the Filipino Diaspora
Person interacts with data on a giant tablet displaying graphs, charts, and social media icons.

Platform Research Ethics for Academic Research

There’s been a lot of research on digital platforms. But how do we know these studies were conducted ethically? And what does it mean to conduct ethical research? We examine the state of current platform studies ethics. Read More
Platform Research Ethics for Academic Research
Smartphone with social media icons over Iraq map silhouette.

The Role of Social Media in Iraq’s Tishreen ...

This report explores how Iraqis in the diaspora leveraged social media during the Tishreen movement to mobilize both online and offline activism. It also investigates how propaganda and false information shaped this activism. Read More
The Role of Social Media in Iraq’s Tishreen Movement: Digital Activism, Misinformation, and Propaganda
Hand tapping a touchscreen button on a smartphone with browser windows in the background.

Misinformation on WhatsApp: Insights From the Cari...

WhatsApp has become a dominant platform for communication, entertainment, and news sharing among U.S. diaspora communities. It has also emerged as a significant source of misinformation. Complimenting ongoing and previous research, this report focuses on Caribbean diaspora communities. Read More
Misinformation on WhatsApp: Insights From the Caribbean Diaspora
Smartphone with chat bubbles in front of a large padlock, symbolizing secure messaging.

Encrypted Messaging Applications and Political Mes...

A look at the role EMAs play in global disinformation efforts and the manipulation of public opinion. Read More
Encrypted Messaging Applications and Political Messaging: How They Work and Why Understanding Them is Important for Combating Global Disinformation
Silhouette with question mark on laptop screen, next to shield and key icon.

Anonymous Civic Participation Behaviors: Differenc...

The Center for Media Engagement wanted to find out how some aspects of identity, such as gender, age, education, political orientation, and time spent online, are tied to the ways in which people participate in certain anonymous actions. Read More
Anonymous Civic Participation Behaviors: Differences Across Gender and Other Demographics
Smartphone screen displaying a messaging app with green and white chat bubbles.

Talking Politics on WhatsApp: a Survey of Cuban, I...

We asked WhatsApp users in three sub-groups (Cuban Americans, Mexican Americans, and Indian Americans) about their perceptions of the platform; their news and information consumption behaviors; and their encounters with false information. Read More
Talking Politics on WhatsApp: a Survey of Cuban, Indian, and Mexican American Diaspora Communities in the United States
Gray Texas silhouette with two chat bubbles featuring padlock icons.

Texas’ Asian Communities and EMAs: How WhatsApp an...

Political campaigns across the United States are paying close attention to the rising political importance of Asian American communities across the country. Nowhere is this clearer than in Texas. Read More
Texas’ Asian Communities and EMAs: How WhatsApp and WeChat will play a role in the 2022 midterms
Smartphone with chat bubbles, shield, and checkmark symbolizing secure messaging.

Polarized Information Ecosystems and Encrypted Mes...

The Center for Media Engagement examined: How are encrypted messaging apps (EMAs) relevant for propagandists and/or activists in Egypt, Ethiopia, and Libya? How do these platforms fit into the existing (dis-)information landscape? Read More
Polarized Information Ecosystems and Encrypted Messaging Apps: Insights Into Egypt, Ethiopia, and Libya
Illustration of a domed building with columns and a central spire.

Testimony: “A Growing Threat: The Impact of ...

Testimony of Samuel Woolley, Ph.D. for Congressional hearing "A Growing Threat: The Impact of Disinformation Targeted at Communities of Color." Read More
Testimony: “A Growing Threat: The Impact of Disinformation Targeted at Communities of Color”
Envelope icon with a padlock symbolizing secure mail.

Escaping the Mainstream? Pitfalls and Opportunitie...

This report builds the foundation of our future research on diaspora communities, false information, and EMAs with regard to the 2022 mid-term elections and provides an assessment useful for the design of community-centric counter programs. Read More
Escaping the Mainstream? Pitfalls and Opportunities of Encrypted Messaging Apps and Diaspora Communities in the U.S.
Smartphone displaying map with location pins, overlaid on a world map background.

Location-Based Targeting: History, Usage, and Rela...

The Propaganda Lab at the Center for Media Engagement created an overview on location-based targeting, including its history, the technologies behind it, and its usage over the years. The report also includes recommendations addressing some key concerns. Read More
Location-Based Targeting: History, Usage, and Related Concerns
Smartphone with a lock icon and obscured password over the screen.

Political Talk in Private: Encrypted Messaging App...

The Propaganda Lab at the Center for Media Engagement expanded its research into the use of encrypted messaging apps (EMAs) for political talk, analyzing both how EMAs are used by people for everyday political talk and how EMA technology is being used for coordinated manipulation campaigns in Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Ukraine. Read More
Political Talk in Private: Encrypted Messaging Apps In Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe
Silhouette of a person with a digital glitch effect, featuring orange and teal pixelated lines.

How Politics, Generation, News Use, and Time Onlin...

The Center for Media Engagement investigated how certain socio-political differences — including where people get their news, time spent online, political views, and age — relate to people’s views about anonymity. Read More
How Politics, Generation, News Use, and Time Online Play Into Attitudes About Anonymity
Surveillance camera with facial recognition overlays and binary code backdrop.

Disclosures of NYPD Surveillance Technologies Rais...

The disclosures by NYPD – the first required by the POST Act – raise substantial questions about how police in New York acquire and maintain data across dozens of surveillance systems, how NYPD thinks about safety and possible harms to society, and reveal new details about the suite of technologies enabling covert police activities on social media networks.  Read More
Disclosures of NYPD Surveillance Technologies Raise More Questions Than Answers
Smartphone with notification alert icon and motion lines, indicating vibration or sound.

Peer-to-Peer Texting and the 2020 U.S. Election: H...

New forms of direct communication, such as campaign apps and digital wallet passes on smartphones, are poised to bring political messaging to even higher levels of intimacy and efficacy, and, disturbingly, render them factually impossible to audit by outsiders. Read More
Peer-to-Peer Texting and the 2020 U.S. Election: Hidden Messages and Intimate Politics
Computer screen with secure login interface, password icons, and a padlock symbol.

Encrypted Propaganda: Political Manipulation Via E...

The Center for Media Engagement propaganda research team spent the past year studying political manipulation on encrypted messaging applications (EMAs) in the U.S., India, and Mexico. Read More
Encrypted Propaganda: Political Manipulation Via Encrypted Messaging Apps in the United States, India, and Mexico
Red, blue, and white hands holding smartphones with heart, thumbs-up, and play icons.

Social Media Influencers and the 2020 U.S. Electio...

The Center for Media Engagement's propaganda research team reports on the phenomenon of social media influencers as an avenue for political campaign communications, describes the challenges this issue poses to platforms and governments, and briefly explores solutions. Read More
Social Media Influencers and the 2020 U.S. Election: Paying ‘Regular People’ for Digital Campaign Communication